ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB DAN STRATEGI PENYELESAIAN KREDIT MACET PADA PERBANKAN DI KOTA PADANG

Abstract

Credit is a core activity of the banking sector and plays a strategic role in supporting economic growth. However, credit distribution is inherently exposed to risks, particularly non-performing loans (NPLs). Non-performing loans not only affect banks’ financial performance but also pose potential threats to the stability of the banking system. This study aims to analyze the factors contributing to the potential occurrence of non-performing loans among bank customers in Padang City, examined from three perspectives: internal customer factors, internal bank factors, and external factors. The research adopts a normative juridical approach supported by empirical data, employing a literature review of banking regulations, financial management theories, and policies issued by financial authorities. The findings indicate that non-performing loans are influenced by customers’ financial capacity and behavior, weaknesses in credit analysis and monitoring by banks, as well as external conditions such as economic downturns, regulatory changes, and environmental risks. Therefore, comprehensive strategies are required to manage non-performing loans, including credit restructuring, collection and renegotiation, collateral execution, loan write-offs, and the implementation of behavioral banking approaches as preventive measures.