IMPLEMENTASI HUKUM PEMASYARAKATAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN OVER CAPACITY DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP HAK NARAPIDANA DI LAPAS KELAS III DHARMASRAYA

Abstract

Overcapacity in correctional institutions has become one of the major obstacles to the implementation of Indonesia's correctional system, as it affects both inmate rehabilitation and the fulfillment of prisoners' rights. This study aims to analyze the implementation of correctional law in addressing overcapacity and its impact on the fulfillment of prisoners' rights at the Class III Dharmasraya Correctional Institution. This research employed an empirical juridical approach with a descriptive design. Primary data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with the Head of Security and Order Subdivision and the Head of Rehabilitation Subdivision, while secondary data were collected through library research, including legislation, books, journals, and other relevant legal materials. The findings indicate that the implementation of correctional law has been carried out in accordance with Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections through penal measures, including inmate integration programs and prisoner transfers, as well as non-penal measures such as personality development, vocational training, and institutional cooperation. However, the prison population exceeding more than twice its intended capacity has reduced the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs and affected the fulfillment of prisoners' fundamental rights, particularly physical and mental health, rehabilitation services, and healthcare. Therefore, optimizing inmate integration programs, improving correctional facilities and infrastructure, and expanding alternative sentencing policies are necessary to reduce overcrowding and support the realization of an effective, humane, and justice-oriented correctional system.