Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta

Implementasi Metode K-Means Clustering untuk Mengklasterikasikan Perangkat Elektronik dengan Teknik Pengolahan Citra

Ryan Firmansyah — 2026-01-08

Grouping electronic devices such as computers, laptops, and smartphones will be very useful in situations where there are a large number of devices to manage, for example in companies, schools, or service centers. This study uses the k-means clustering method with image processing techniques through the Matlab application. The test data used was taken from the internet, consisting of 30 samples comprising 10 computers, 10 laptops, and 10 smartphones. In accordance with the existing dataset, clustering will be performed on three types of electronic devices, namely computers, laptops, and smartphones. After conducting various tests and model designs, the overall accuracy of the model is 100%. This research can cluster 30 samples consisting of 10 computer images, 10 laptop images, and 10 smartphone images. All samples used were taken from the internet.

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Pengobatan Pasien Gagal Jantung Dengan Penyerta Hipertensi Rawat Inap RSUD Arifin Achmad Kota Pekanbaru

Erda Wati — 2026-01-22

Penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan gangguan fungsi jantung dan pembuluh darah seperti penyakit jantung koroner, hipertensi, dan stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas biaya pengobatan pasien gagal jantung dengan penyerta hipertensi yang dirawat inap di RSUD Arifin Achmad Kota Pekanbaru, khususnya bagi pasien BPJS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dan rancangan rekam medis serta data administrasi pasien rawat inap BPJS penderita gagal jantung. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan gambaran terapi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah obat Gagal Jantung ARB + CCB dan kombinasi Diuretik + ACEI + Aspilets dengan jumlah persentase 12,06%. kemudian efektivitas terapi yang paling tinggi terdapat pada golongan Diuretik, ARB + CCB, ARB + Diuretik, Diuretik + Aspilets, ARB + CCB + Diuretik, Diuretik + ACEI + Aspilets, ACEI + Diuretik + ???? B + Aspilets masing – masing dengan persentase sebesar 100%, dan cost effectivenes dari terapi gagal jantung dengan penyerta hipertensi yang digunakan dengan ACER. Hasil ACER yang menunjukkan nilai terkecil yaitu dari golongan Diuretik + ARB + ???? B dengan biaya Rp.13.950. Kesimpulannya terapi gagal jantung dengan penyerta hipertensi kombinasi Diuretik + ARB + ???? B yang lebih cost effectivenes.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Untuk Evaluasi Karyawan di PT. SJAL Silaut

Febriyanno Suryana — 2026-01-30

The use of information technology to support work activities has become an essential requirement to achieve effective and efficient performance. Human limitations in processing highly complex data are a key reason why technology has become a primary alternative solution. This study aims to develop a web-based Decision Support System (DSS) to assist in the evaluation of the best employees at PT SJAL. Previously, the evaluation process was conducted manually, which often led to issues such as subjectivity in assessment, time inefficiency, and suboptimal data management. The proposed system is designed to provide a more objective, accurate, and efficient solution by applying the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The SAW method was selected due to its ability to handle multi-criteria decision-making in a simple and effective manner through weighted summation of each alternative based on predetermined criteria. The criteria used in this study include discipline, work quality, attendance, teamwork, and initiative. The system implementation was developed using the PHP programming language and a MySQL database. The development stages consist of literature review, data collection, requirements analysis, system design using UML, implementation, and system testing. The results indicate that the system is capable of accelerating the evaluation process, improving accuracy, and generating more objective and measurable employee evaluation recommendations. Therefore, the application of the SAW method is expected to serve as an effective decision support tool for the management of PT SJAL in determining the best employees.

Kemitraan Perguruan Tinggi–Dunia Usaha Optik dan Dampaknya terhadap Kompetensi Kewirausahaan serta Self- Efficacy Mahasiswa Optometri

Alvia Wesnita — 2026-01-30

Kemitraan antara perguruan tinggi–dunia usaha optik merupakan strategi penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan optometri, terutama terkait penguatan kompetensi kewirausahaan dan self-efficacy mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak kemitraan serta efektivitasnya dalam mendukung pengembangan kompetensi kewirausahaan dan self-efficacy mahasiswa optometri. Penelitian menggunakan mixed methods dengan desain sequential explanatory. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 70 mahasiswa diploma tiga optometri Akademi Refraksi Optisi YLPTK Padang yang mengikuti program kemitraan, sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan praktisi optik dan dosen pembimbing praktik. Hasil kuantitatif menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada kompetensi kewirausahaan dan self-efficacy mahasiswa setelah mengikuti program kemitraan. Temuan kualitatif mendukung hasil tersebut dengan menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam kemitraan di dunia usaha optik, pendampingan oleh praktisi optik profesional, dan keselarasan kurikulum dengan kebutuhan dunia usaha optik berkontribusi langsung pada peningkatan kesiapan berwirausaha mahasiswa optometri. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa kemitraan terstruktur antara perguruan tinggi dan dunia usaha optik efektif dalam memperkuat kompetensi kewirausahaan dan self-efficacy mereka sebagai calon wirausahawan di bidang optometri.

Mempelajari Aktivitas Antioksidan Sinamaldehid dan Karvakrol dengan Substitusi Gugus NO2 dan CH3 Berdasarkan Metode Density Functional Theory (DFT)

Azuxetullatif . — 2026-02-02

Free radical are then main cause of tissue damage in the human body. Excess free radicals will result in various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. To minimize the excess of free radicals in the human body, antioxidant compounds are needed. One of the natural antioxidant compounds is terpenoid. Terpenoid derivatives that are known to have high antioxidant properties are Cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol. This study aims to predict the antioxidant activity of cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol compounds substituted with NO2 and CH3 groups theoretically, using the Density Functional Theory (DFT). The results of the study showed that cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol compounds substituted with the NO2 group had better antioxidant activity than those substituted with the CH3 group by considering the results of small BDE values, small SET-PT, small PA, small ETE, and small ΔEgap

Analisis Karakteristik Fisiko-Kimia dan Pengendalian Variabilitas Kualitas Ekoenzim Berbasis Limbah Organik Domestik

Maidawati . — 2026-02-02

Waste is one of the problems faced by many countries in the world, including Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the world's largest waste contributor developing countries. Waste can come from restaurants, factories, companies, schools, government agencies, households, etc. Domestic organic waste management is still a serious environmental problem, this is characterized by the high contribution of organic waste to national waste generation and limited capacity of landfills. Ecoenzymes are one of the alternative approaches developed in the use of organic waste. However, the development of ecoenzymes towards a wider production scale still faces the main challenge in the form of product quality variability, especially related to the stability of physico-chemical properties. This study aims to analyze the physico-chemical characteristics and variability of the quality of the eco-economy based on fruit, vegetable, and mixed waste materials as the basis for quality control and process stratification The study method used an experimental design with three treatments of 1:3:10 (sugar:waste:day) for 90 days under anaerobic conditions. The quality parameters analyzed included acidity (pH) and turbidity (NTU), which were measured using a digital pH meter and a calibrated turbidimeter. The data were analyzed statistically descriptively. The results showed that fruit-based ecoenzymes produced a lower and more stable pH (average 3.21 ± 0.15) compared to vegetable waste (average 3.9 ± 0.42). The turbidity level is low (<15 NTU), while vegetable waste produces a higher pH (3.95 ± 0.42) with high turbidity (< 50 NTU). From an industry perspective, vegetable-based ecoenzymes demonstrate the need for stricter process control and standardization to ensure product consistency in mass production.

Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang DAGUSIBU Obat di Lingkup Lansia Nagari Aur Begalung

Fitri Wahyuni — 2026-02-02

In older adults, there is a decline in the ability to adapt to the external environment, accompanied by decreased physiological, cognitive, and psychological functions. These conditions may lead to errors in medication management and use among the elderly. One effort to prevent such problems is the correct implementation of the DAGUSIBU concept (Obtain, Use, Store, and Dispose of medicines). However, the level of knowledge of elderly people regarding DAGUSIBU has not been clearly identified, particularly in Nagari Aur Begalung, Pesisir Selatan Regency. This study aimed to describe the level of knowledge of the elderly community regarding DAGUSIBU medicines in Nagari Aur Begalung. This research employed an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire distributed to elderly respondents. The results showed that the majority of elderly respondents had a moderate level of knowledge regarding DAGUSIBU medicines, indicating that their understanding of proper medication management is not yet optimal. Therefore, continuous educational efforts are needed to improve elderly knowledge to ensure appropriate, safe, and rational use of medicines.

Hubungan Penggunaan Obat Golongan Statin terhadap GDS pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rsup Dr. M. Djamil Padang

Tessa Amanda Primadhini — 2026-02-04

Dyslipidemia is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, so statin therapy is often used to lower lipid levels and prevent cardiovascular complications. Although statins have clear benefits in the management of dyslipidemia, their effect on fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels still needs to be studied. This study aimed to determine the relationship between statin use and FBG levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a retrospective approach. Data were obtained from the medical records of 82 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia who were treated at the inpatient facility of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital in Padang. All patients in this study received statin therapy. The most commonly used statin was atorvastatin, which was used by 96.3% of patients, while simvastatin was used by 3.7% of patients. The results showed that the average decrease in random blood sugar levels in patients using atorvastatin was 55.65 mg/dL, while in patients using simvastatin it was 84.75 mg/dL. Although there was a numerical difference in the reduction of fasting blood glucose levels between the two statin groups, the difference found was not clinically significant. Thus, this study indicates that the use of statin drugs does not have a significant association with changes in fasting blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Serum Spray Gel Minyak Adas (Feoniculum Vulgare Mill.) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes

Nesa Agistia — 2026-02-06

Acne is a prevalent dermatological condition primarily caused by the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Antibiotics are used in acne therapy; however, increasing bacterial resistance has been reported in numerous studies. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) essential oil is known to exhibit antibacterial properties, mainly due to its active constituents, anethole and fenchone. This study aimed to develop a pharmaceutically stable serum spray gel formulation containing fennel essential oil and to evaluate its anti-acne activity. Fennel essential oil was formulated into serum spray gel preparations at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The formulations were evaluated for organoleptic characteristics, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, flow behavior, adhesiveness, physical stability, spray pattern, and antibacterial activity.The results demonstrated that all serum spray gel formulations exhibited good physical stability, as indicated by acceptable organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH values, viscosity, flow behavior, adhesiveness, stability, and spray patterns. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) among the formulations in terms of antibacterial activity, as measured by the diameter of the inhibition zones. Post hoc Tukey analysis showed that the 10% fennel essential oil formulation exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, with an inhibition zone diameter of 23.6 mm, which was classified as strong antibacterial activity.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Ragam Bahasa Mahasiswa Akademi Refraksi Optisi Padang

Khairalfi Jumanisa Amril — 2026-02-06

The development of social media has influenced students’ communication patterns, including their use of language varieties. The intensity of interaction in digital spaces encourages the emergence of non-standard language, abbreviations, and code-mixing, which tend to carry over into academic contexts. This study aims to analyze the effect of social media use on the language varieties of students at the Padang Academy of Refraction Optician as a vocational institution in the health sector. The study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method involving 80 students who actively use social media. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. The results indicate that social media use has a significant effect on students’ language varieties, with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.40. These findings show that 40% of the variation in students’ language varieties is influenced by social media use, with an increased tendency toward the use of non-standard language, abbreviations, and code-mixing in academic communication. This study provides empirical contributions to strengthening language literacy and fostering academic and professional communication among students in the digital era.

Pengaruh Rasio Etanol-Air terhadap Rendemen dan Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Daun Azadirachta Indica

Samuel Billie Tua Sinaga — 2026-03-04

Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) are widely recognized as a rich source of diverse bioactive compounds that exhibit promising pharmacological activities, including anticancer potential. Nevertheless, studies investigating how variations in solvent composition influence extract yield and cytotoxic activity remain limited. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of different ethanol–water solvent ratios (50%, 70%, and absolute ethanol) on both the extraction yield of neem leaves and their cytotoxic activity against Artemia salina Leach. The extraction procedure combined sonication and subsequent maceration using the three solvent systems to enhance compound recovery. Cytotoxic assessment was performed through the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) at concentrations of 1000, 500, 100, and 10 ppm, utilizing 48-hour-old larvae with three experimental replicates. Larval mortality was observed after 24 hours of exposure, and LC₅₀ values were determined using probit analysis and linear regression methods. The results demonstrated that extraction with 50% ethanol produced the highest yield (23.5%), followed by 70% ethanol (20.8%) and absolute ethanol (16.10%). In contrast, the strongest cytotoxic activity was observed in the 70% ethanol extract, which exhibited the lowest LC₅₀ value (62.87 ppm), followed by the 50% ethanol extract (64.23 ppm) and the absolute ethanol extract (99.15 ppm). These findings indicate that solvent ratio significantly influences both extraction efficiency and cytotoxic potency; however, extract yield was not directly correlated with cytotoxic activity. Importantly, all extracts demonstrated LC₅₀ values below 100 ppm, suggesting notable toxicity and highlighting their potential as candidates for developing anticancer raw materials.

Penerapan Metode Hazop dalam Identifikasi Bahaya dan Pengendalian Risiko K3 pada Proyek LRT Jakarta Fase 1B

Najwa Putri Indra — 2026-03-10

LRT (Integrated Rail Transit) is a public transportation system developed by PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) to facilitate mobility for residents of Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek). The objectives of this study are: 1) identifying high-risk construction projects, 2) applying the HAZOP method to identify hazards and deviations in work processes, 3) assessing risk levels based on likelihood and severity parameters, and 4) providing risk control recommendations based on the HAZOP analysis results. This research is a descriptive analytical study with a qualitative-quantitative approach, conducted on the Jakarta LRT Phase 1B Project, Velodrome–Manggarai Segment, implemented in January 2026. Data collection involved field observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The results indicate: 1) Identification of High-Risk Work: High-risk construction work in the LRT Phase 1B project includes the use of heavy equipment (jack hammers), concrete casting, girder lifting, electrical installation, and welding processes. 2) The application of the HAZOP method is effective in identifying potential hazards and deviations in various work processes. 3) Risk assessment based on likelihood and severity indicates the greatest risks are in girder lifting and concrete casting. 4) Risk control through technical measures (e.g., low-vibration work methods, strict supervision, use of PPE), administrative measures (SOPs, training), and physical protection (electrical protection, barricades) is essential to reduce occupational risks.